John+Adams



**Election of 1796**


 * Political Parties:**
 * Political parties- groups that help elect people and shape policies
 * Federalist…..Wanted a strong federal government and support industry and trade
 * Democratic Republics………Wanted to limit the federal government’s powers
 * **Election of 1796**
 * Adam defeated Jefferson, At that time the person who came in second in a presidential election became vice president. Adams and Jefferson took office together.[[image:akaniperfifthperiod/picture.png align="right"]]
 * **Potential Problems**
 * Jefferson was a republican, Adams was a federalist. Two guys from 2 different political parties so they are not going to agree on the most things.
 * They both won't agree on anything one is a Federalist, one is Democratic- Reoublican Party.


 * Biography:**

John Adams was born on October 30th 1735

a) Political Leadership experience~ became a lawyer in 1776 nearbyBoston b) Personality~ People saw him as a cold and distance person and he lackedWashington’s dignity, but the people still respect him. He is hardworking, honest, and intelligent, but he is not appeared well suited. c) Education~ Member of Harvard College in 1751, graduated in course in 1755. d) Occupation~ Taught grammar school in Worcester, Massachusetts, Lawyer (practiced law nearby Boston), Statesman, theorist (Diplomat and Political), Blunt-speaking man of Independent mind, Patriot, and Served as a delegate from 1774-1777 (Massachusetts to Continental congress). (wrote the sates constitution). Notes: Adams first goal as president was to improve relationship with theUnited StatesandFrance, and wrote the states constitution.


 * Largest Cites and Rural v Urban Population:**

a) Increased 4.7 million to 5.8 million people, 35% percent increased since 1790. b) 12 cities inU.S. held more than 5,000 3% Urban c) 1800~ Republic 500,000 people migrated to western lands (principally fromVirginia andMaryland) d) Kentucky andTennessee, was able to be admitted to theUnion as states (1792-1796). e) New Englanders moved upstate toNew York andOhio f) New Jersey people moved in western Pensylvania


 * Sedition Acts:**

What:
 * Forbade anyone from publishing or voicing criticism of the federal government
 * Forbid the US resident to write, print, utter, or publish false or critical words against the government.

What:
 * Alien Acts:**
 * Empowered the president to remove foreign residents, he decided were involved in any treasonable or secret plot against the government.


 * Kentucky and Virginia Resolution:**
 * This document argued that the alien and sedition acts were unconstitutional.
 * Thomas Jefferson and James Madison signed the Kentucky and Virginia Resolution


 * Eclection of 1800:**
 * Jefferson and Burr were tied the division went to the House of Representatives.
 * As called for in constitution Jefferson won.
 * The 12th amendment created a separate ballot president advice president.


 * Foreign Policy:**

The United States had in 1778 entered into an alliance with France, but after the outbreak of the French Revolutionary Wars was both unable and unwilling to lend help. The anti-French Federalists gained the upper hand in the United States, and there was considerable antagonism toward France, particularly after the Genet affair.

A number of American ships were ambushed by French privateers, and the countries got very angry. President Washington sent Charles Cotesworth Pinckney as minister to France, but the French government did not want to see him. Shortly afterward John Adams, sent John Marshall and Elbridge Gerry to join Pinckney on a peace mission to France. This three-man commission was immediately hit with the refusal of French foreign minister Charles Maurice de Talleyrand to receive it officially. Indirect suggestions of loans and bribes to France were made to the commissioners through Mme de Villette, a friend of Talleyrand. Negotiations were carried on through her with Jean Conrad Hottinguer and Lucien Hauteval, both Swiss, and a Mr. Bellamy,the three were designated X, Y, and Z in the mission's to the United States. The proposal that the Americans pay Talleyrand $250,000 before the French government would even deal with them. This created an uproar when it was released in the United States, where the pro-British party welcomed the chance to worsen Franco-American relations. The U.S. demanded to be treated with respect.

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